The International Landscape of Medical Licensing Examinations: A Typology Derived From a Systematic Review
نویسندگان
چکیده مقاله:
Background National licensing examinations (NLEs) are large-scale examinations usually taken by medical doctors close to the point of graduation from medical school. Where NLEs are used, success is usually required to obtain a license for full practice. Approaches to national licensing, and the evidence that supports their use, varies significantly across the globe. This paper aims to develop a typology of NLEs, based on candidacy, to explore the implications of different examination types for workforce planning. Methods A systematic review of the published literature and medical licensing body websites, an electronic survey of all medical licensing bodies in highly developed nations, and a survey of medical regulators. Results The evidence gleaned through this systematic review highlights four approaches to NLEs: where graduating medical students wishing to practice in their national jurisdiction must pass a national licensing exam before they are granted a license to practice; where all prospective doctors, whether from the national jurisdiction or international medical graduates, are required to pass a national licensing exam in order to practice within that jurisdiction; where international medical graduates are required to pass a licensing exam if their qualifications are not acknowledged to be comparable with those students from the national jurisdiction; and where there are no NLEs in operation. This typology facilitates comparison across systems and highlights the implications of different licensing systems for workforce planning. Conclusion The issue of national licensing cannot be viewed in isolation from workforce planning; future research on the efficacy of national licensing systems to drive up standards should be integrated with research on the implications of such systems for the mobility of doctors to cross borders.
منابع مشابه
A Competency-based Typology of Technology Entrepreneurs: A Systematic Review of the Empirical Studies
Due to the importance of technology entrepreneurs’ competencies in the creation and development of technological businesses, a distinct stream of research has been dedicated to this subject. However, given the nature of suchlike studies, it is difficult to reach a common understanding of the competencies. In fact, there is a need to provide some systematization to achieve advancements in the fi...
متن کاملMedical licensing examinations in the United States.
Dr. Melnick is President of the National Board of Medical Examiners; Dr. Dillon is Associate Vice President, USMLE, National Board of Medical Examiners; and Dr. Swanson is Associate Vice President, Test Development Services, National Board of Medical Examiners. Direct correspondence to Dr. Melnick at the National Board of Medical Examiners, 3750 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104; 215-590-95...
متن کاملThe impact of large scale licensing examinations in highly developed countries: a systematic review
BACKGROUND To investigate the existing evidence base for the validity of large-scale licensing examinations including their impact. METHODS Systematic review against a validity framework exploring: Embase (Ovid Medline); Medline (EBSCO); PubMed; Wiley Online; ScienceDirect; and PsychINFO from 2005 to April 2015. All papers were included when they discussed national or large regional (State le...
متن کاملfrom linguistics to literature: a linguistic approach to the study of linguistic deviations in the turkish divan of shahriar
chapter i provides an overview of structural linguistics and touches upon the saussurean dichotomies with the final goal of exploring their relevance to the stylistic studies of literature. to provide evidence for the singificance of the study, chapter ii deals with the controversial issue of linguistics and literature, and presents opposing views which, at the same time, have been central to t...
15 صفحه اولLanguage Review/A New Approach to the Systematic Typology of Languages: Introduction and Review of Fundamentals of Linguistic Typology, Rafe’eh Khoshkhoo
متن کامل
Antimicrobial Peptides Derived from Milk: A Review
Milk proteins provide a natural source of bioactive peptides with potential health benefits and applications in the food industry. The release of these peptides from milk proteins is achieved either by hydrolysis using digestive proteases or by lactic acid bacteria fermentation. Peptides, particularly those derived from milk proteins, can exert a wide range of nutritional, functional and biolog...
متن کاملمنابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ذخیره در منابع من قبلا به منابع من ذحیره شده{@ msg_add @}
عنوان ژورنال
دوره 7 شماره 9
صفحات 782- 790
تاریخ انتشار 2018-09-01
با دنبال کردن یک ژورنال هنگامی که شماره جدید این ژورنال منتشر می شود به شما از طریق ایمیل اطلاع داده می شود.
میزبانی شده توسط پلتفرم ابری doprax.com
copyright © 2015-2023